SPC and APQP: What are they and how are they related?
SPC is based on the principle that every process has some inherent variation, which can be measured and analyzed using statistical methods. By collecting and plotting data from the process, SPC can help identify the sources of variation, whether they are common (due to natural causes) or special (due to assignable causes). SPC can also help establish control limits, which define the acceptable range of variation for the process, and monitor the process for any signs of instability or out-of-control conditions. SPC can help improve the quality and efficiency of the process, as well as prevent or correct problems before they affect the final product.
APQP is a structured approach to planning and executing the development of new products and processes, with the goal of ensuring that they meet or exceed customer expectations and requirements. APQP consists of five phases: plan and define, product design and development, process design and development, product and process validation, and feedback, assessment, and corrective action. APQP involves cross-functional teams, customer input, risk assessment, design reviews, testing, verification, and documentation.
SPC and APQP are related in several ways. First, SPC can provide valuable data and insights for each phase of APQP, such as identifying customer needs, defining specifications, evaluating designs, validating processes, and monitoring performance. Second, SPC can help ensure that the process is capable of meeting the quality standards and targets defined by APQP, such as critical to quality (CTQ) characteristics, process capability indices, and quality control plans. Third, SPC can help support the continuous improvement and corrective action activities that are part of APQP, such as identifying root causes, implementing solutions, and verifying effectiveness.