esi-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "esi"

Estonian

Etymology

See esi.

Prefix

esi-

1. first
2. front

Derived terms

Estonian terms prefixed with esi-

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *eci, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *ede. Cognate with Estonian esi and Hungarian elő.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈesi-/, [ˈe̞s̠i-]

Prefix

esi-

1. pre-, fore-

Inflection

Declension of esi- (type 27*F/käsi) noun case singular plural adverbial form singular plural nominative esi- – superessive – – genitive – – delative – – partitive – – sublative – – accusative – – lative edes – inessive edessä – temporal – – elative edestä – causative – – illative eteen esiin multiplicative – – adessive edellä esillä distributive – – ablative edeltä esiltä temp. dist. – – allative edelle esille prolative editse – essive – – situative – – translative – – oppositive – – abessive – – instructive etenkin etenkään – comitative – –

The cases of esi- serve in Finnish only as adverbs. The instructive singular is always used with the enclitic particle -kin or -kään. Declension scheme is the same as type 27 (käsi), except for some missing forms; and the extra instructive singular form, which is only used with clitics (etenkin and etenkään).

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “pre-, fore-”): jälki-

Derived terms

Finnish terms prefixed with esi-

• esitutkinta

 

adjectives

• edellinen
• edempi
• etevä

 

adverbs

• edes
• etiäpäin

 

nouns

• esikoinen
• esine
• eteinen
• etelä

 

postpositions

• editse

 

verbs

• edeltää
• edetä
• edistää
• esiintyä
• esittää

 

Related terms

• See the inflection table.

References

• Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

Further reading

• “esi-”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02

Anagrams

• eis, ies, sei, sie

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *eci-. Cognates include Finnish esi- and Veps ezi-.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈesi-/, [ˈe̞s̠i-]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈesi-/, [ˈe̞ʒ̥i-]

Prefix

esi-

1. pre-, fore-

Antonyms

• jälki-

Derived terms

Ingrian terms prefixed with esi-

Northern Ndebele

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

esi-

1. First-person plural relative concord.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

esi-

1. Class 7 relative concord.

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

esi-

1. Class 7 adjective concord.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

esi-

1. First-person plural relative concord.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

esi-

1. Class 7 relative concord.

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

esi-

1. Class 7 adjective concord.

Xhosa

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

esi-

1. First-person plural relative concord.

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

esi-

1. Class 7 relative concord.

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Prefix

esi-

1. Class 7 adjective concord.

Zulu

Etymology 1

From a- (“relative”) +‎ si- (“first person plural”).

Prefix

ḗsi-

1. First-person plural relative concord.

Etymology 2

From a- (“relative”) +‎ si- (“class 7 subject prefix”).

Prefix

ḗsí-

1. Class 7 relative concord.

Etymology 3

From a- (“relative”) +‎ si- (“class 7 basic noun prefix”).

Prefix

ḗsí-

1. Class 7 adjective concord.

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “esi-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “esi-”