銥的同位素
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 標準原子質量 (Ar, 標準) |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
銥（原子量：192.217(2)）有兩個天然同位素以及34個放射性同位素。其中，最穩定的放射性同位素是192
Ir
，其半衰期有73.8天，以及其核同質異能素：192m2
Ir
，其半衰期長達241年，其餘同位素半衰期都在1年以下，大部分都少於一日。
圖表
[编辑]| 符號 | Z | N | 同位素質量（u） [n 1][n 2] |
半衰期 [n 1][n 2] |
衰變 方式[2] |
衰變 產物 [n 3][n 4] |
原子核 自旋[n 1] |
相對豐度 （莫耳分率）[3][n 2] |
相對豐度 的變化量 （莫耳分率）[4] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 激發能量[n 1][n 2] | |||||||||
| 164Ir | 77 | 87 | 163.99220(44)# | 1# ms | 2−# | ||||
| 164mIr | 270(110)# keV | 94(27) µs | 9+# | ||||||
| 165Ir | 77 | 88 | 164.98752(23)# | <1# µs | p | 164Os | 1/2+# | ||
| α （不常見） | 161Re | ||||||||
| 165mIr | 180(50)# keV | 300(60) µs | p (87%) | 164Os | 11/2− | ||||
| α (13%) | 161Re | ||||||||
| 166Ir | 77 | 89 | 165.98582(22)# | 10.5(22) ms | α (93%) | 162Re | (2−) | ||
| p (7%) | 165Os | ||||||||
| 166mIr | 172(6) keV | 15.1(9) ms | α (98.2%) | 162Re | (9+) | ||||
| p (1.8%) | 165Os | ||||||||
| 167Ir | 77 | 90 | 166.981665(20) | 35.2(20) ms | α (48%) | 163Re | 1/2+ | ||
| p (32%) | 166Os | ||||||||
| β+ (20%) | 167Os | ||||||||
| 167mIr | 175.3(22) keV | 30.0(6) ms | α (80%) | 163Re | 11/2− | ||||
| β+ (20%) | 167Os | ||||||||
| p (.4%) | 166Os | ||||||||
| 168Ir | 77 | 91 | 167.97988(16)# | 161(21) ms | α | 164Re | high | ||
| β+ （不常見） | 168Os | ||||||||
| 168mIr | 50(100)# keV | 125(40) ms | α | 164Re | low | ||||
| 169Ir | 77 | 92 | 168.976295(28) | 780(360) ms [0.64(+46−24) s] |
α | 165Re | 1/2+# | ||
| β+ （不常見） | 169Os | ||||||||
| 169mIr | 154(24) keV | 308(22) ms | α (72%) | 165Re | 11/2−# | ||||
| β+ (28%) | 169Os | ||||||||
| 170Ir | 77 | 93 | 169.97497(11)# | 910(150) ms [0.87(+18−12) s] |
β+ (64%) | 170Os | low# | ||
| α (36%) | 166Re | ||||||||
| 170mIr | 270(70)# keV | 440(60) ms | high# | ||||||
| 171Ir | 77 | 94 | 170.97163(4) | 3.6(10) s [3.2(+13−7) s] |
α (58%) | 167Re | 1/2+# | ||
| β+ (42%) | 171Os | ||||||||
| 171mIr | 180(30)# keV | 1.40(10) s | (11/2−) | ||||||
| 172Ir | 77 | 95 | 171.97046(11)# | 4.4(3) s | β+ (98%) | 172Os | (3+) | ||
| α (2%) | 168Re | ||||||||
| 172mIr | 280(100)# keV | 2.0(1) s | β+ (77%) | 172Os | (7+) | ||||
| α (23%) | 168Re | ||||||||
| 173Ir | 77 | 96 | 172.967502(15) | 9.0(8) s | β+ (93%) | 173Os | (3/2+,5/2+) | ||
| α (7%) | 169Re | ||||||||
| 173mIr | 253(27) keV | 2.20(5) s | β+ (88%) | 173Os | (11/2−) | ||||
| α (12%) | 169Re | ||||||||
| 174Ir | 77 | 97 | 173.966861(30) | 7.9(6) s | β+ (99.5%) | 174Os | (3+) | ||
| α (.5%) | 170Re | ||||||||
| 174mIr | 193(11) keV | 4.9(3) s | β+ (99.53%) | 174Os | (7+) | ||||
| α (.47%) | 170Re | ||||||||
| 175Ir | 77 | 98 | 174.964113(21) | 9(2) s | β+ (99.15%) | 175Os | (5/2−) | ||
| α (.85%) | 171Re | ||||||||
| 176Ir | 77 | 99 | 175.963649(22) | 8.3(6) s | β+ (97.9%) | 176Os | |||
| α (2.1%) | 172Re | ||||||||
| 177Ir | 77 | 100 | 176.961302(21) | 30(2) s | β+ (99.94%) | 177Os | 5/2− | ||
| α (.06%) | 173Re | ||||||||
| 178Ir | 77 | 101 | 177.961082(21) | 12(2) s | β+ | 178Os | |||
| 179Ir | 77 | 102 | 178.959122(12) | 79(1) s | β+ | 179Os | (5/2)− | ||
| 180Ir | 77 | 103 | 179.959229(23) | 1.5(1) min | β+ | 180Os | (4,5)(+#) | ||
| 181Ir | 77 | 104 | 180.957625(28) | 4.90(15) min | β+ | 181Os | (5/2)− | ||
| 182Ir | 77 | 105 | 181.958076(23) | 15(1) min | β+ | 182Os | (3+) | ||
| 183Ir | 77 | 106 | 182.956846(27) | 57(4) min | β+ ( 99.95%) | 183Os | 5/2− | ||
| α (.05%) | 179Re | ||||||||
| 184Ir | 77 | 107 | 183.95748(3) | 3.09(3) h | β+ | 184Os | 5− | ||
| 184m1Ir | 225.65(11) keV | 470(30) µs | 3+ | ||||||
| 184m2Ir | 328.40(24) keV | 350(90) ns | (7)+ | ||||||
| 185Ir | 77 | 108 | 184.95670(3) | 14.4(1) h | β+ | 185Os | 5/2− | ||
| 186Ir | 77 | 109 | 185.957946(18) | 16.64(3) h | β+ | 186Os | 5+ | ||
| 186mIr | 0.8(4) keV | 1.92(5) h | β+ | 186Os | 2− | ||||
| IT （不常見） | 186Ir | ||||||||
| 187Ir | 77 | 110 | 186.957363(7) | 10.5(3) h | β+ | 187Os | 3/2+ | ||
| 187m1Ir | 186.15(4) keV | 30.3(6) ms | IT | 187Ir | 9/2− | ||||
| 187m2Ir | 433.81(9) keV | 152(12) ns | 11/2− | ||||||
| 188Ir | 77 | 111 | 187.958853(8) | 41.5(5) h | β+ | 188Os | 1− | ||
| 188mIr | 970(30) keV | 4.2(2) ms | IT | 188Ir | 7+# | ||||
| β+ （不常見） | 188Os | ||||||||
| 189Ir | 77 | 112 | 188.958719(14) | 13.2(1) d | ε | 189Os | 3/2+ | ||
| 189m1Ir | 372.18(4) keV | 13.3(3) ms | IT | 189Ir | 11/2− | ||||
| 189m2Ir | 2333.3(4) keV | 3.7(2) ms | (25/2)+ | ||||||
| 190Ir | 77 | 113 | 189.9605460(18) | 11.78(10) d | β+ | 190Os | 4− | ||
| 190m1Ir | 26.1(1) keV | 1.120(3) h | IT | 190Ir | (1−) | ||||
| 190m2Ir | 36.154(25) keV | >2 µs | (4)+ | ||||||
| 190m3Ir | 376.4(1) keV | 3.087(12) h | (11)− | ||||||
| 191Ir | 77 | 114 | 190.9605940(18) | 觀測上穩定[n 5] | 3/2+ | 0.373(2) | 0.3723(9) | ||
| 191m1Ir | 171.24(5) keV | 4.94(3) s | IT | 191Ir | 11/2− | ||||
| 191m2Ir | 2120(40) keV | 5.5(7) s | |||||||
| 192Ir | 77 | 115 | 191.9626050(18) | 73.827(13) d | β− (95.24%) | 192Pt | 4+ | ||
| ε (4.76%) | 192Os | ||||||||
| 192m1Ir | 56.720(5) keV | 1.45(5) min | 1− | ||||||
| 192m2Ir | 168.14(12) keV | 241(9) y | (11−) | ||||||
| 193Ir | 77 | 116 | 192.9629264(18) | 觀測上穩定[n 6] | 3/2+ | 0.627(2) | 0.6277(9) | ||
| 193mIr | 80.240(6) keV | 10.53(4) d | IT | 193Ir | 11/2− | ||||
| 194Ir | 77 | 117 | 193.9650784(18) | 19.28(13) h | β− | 194Pt | 1− | ||
| 194m1Ir | 147.078(5) keV | 31.85(24) ms | IT | 194Ir | (4+) | ||||
| 194m2Ir | 370(70) keV | 171(11) d | (10,11)(−#) | ||||||
| 195Ir | 77 | 118 | 194.9659796(18) | 2.5(2) h | β− | 195Pt | 3/2+ | ||
| 195mIr | 100(5) keV | 3.8(2) h | β− (95%) | 195Pt | 11/2− | ||||
| IT (5%) | 195Ir | ||||||||
| 196Ir | 77 | 119 | 195.96840(4) | 52(1) s | β− | 196Pt | (0−) | ||
| 196mIr | 210(40) keV | 1.40(2) h | β− (99.7%) | 196Pt | (10,11−) | ||||
| IT | 196Ir | ||||||||
| 197Ir | 77 | 120 | 196.969653(22) | 5.8(5) min | β− | 197Pt | 3/2+ | ||
| 197mIr | 115(5) keV | 8.9(3) min | β− (99.75%) | 197Pt | 11/2− | ||||
| IT (.25%) | 197Ir | ||||||||
| 198Ir | 77 | 121 | 197.97228(21)# | 8(1) s | β− | 198Pt | |||
| 199Ir | 77 | 122 | 198.97380(4) | 20# s | β− | 199Pt | 3/2+# | ||
- ^ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 畫上#號的數據代表沒有經過實驗的証明，僅為理論推測。
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 用括號括起來的數據代表不確定性。
- ^ 穩定的衰變產物以粗體表示。
- ^ 半衰期超过5亿年的衰变产物以粗斜体表示。
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 187Re
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 189Re
| ← | 同位素列表 | → |
| 鋨的同位素 | 銥的同位素 | 鉑的同位素 |
参考文獻
[编辑]- ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report). Pure and Applied Chemistry. 2022-05-04. ISSN 1365-3075. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603 （英语）.
- ^ Universal Nuclide Chart. nucleonica. [2015-10-06]. （原始内容
存档于2017-02-19）.
- ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 2021, 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
- ^ Standard Atomic Weights: Iridium. CIAAW. [2024-06-04]. （原始内容存档于2024-02-08）.
- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆）, Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.