Wie passen Sie Incident-Response-Szenarien für unterschiedliche Kontexte an?

The best scenarios are built from lessons learned, which can be pulled from within your company, within your field or even in other similar fields.

IR is about planning (which result in context). Context require detailed understanding of all processes (not assumptions), business objectives and threats really relevant to your organization. Once understood, true risk can be assigned/understood. IR plans/playbooks/detection can then be applied effective and efficiently. Spray and prey strategies are expensive and will let you down on the day when you need your IR.

Best ways are to learn the zero day attacks, - How it was detected - what led to the compromise - Steps taken to mitigate In short - lessons learned helps us to create a hypothesis to be pro-active in the field and prepare for the worst.

To obtain a successful Incident response or handling level we need to define the clear objectives of Incident response. To obtain successful results in incident response there are some key challenges. • How quickly we discover the incident and respond to it in a timely manner to minimize damage. • How effective collaboration between different teams and departments within an organization is crucial for efficient incident response? • Are we sharing a proper analysis of the incident to determine its impact and to develop an effective response plan? • Do we have proper documentation of people, processes & Escalation matrix?

According to its definition, the context describes the circumstances and setting that surround a system and all the factors that could influence the system security and its operational activities. The need to Understand the Context is the first step to develop a realistic scenario. It underlines the importance of understanding the operational context of the system to be protected, by assessing the cyber threat landscape.

Identifying the context is vital. This can be achieved by considering a scenario where an incident might occur. This may involve different type of incidents such as natural disasters and breaches.

My two most important issues for training an IR team. Practice, practice, practice - and learn from the past. 1) Practice and drill to get your team used to each other, their skills, strengths and weaknesses so that when "it" hits the fan, they can adapt quickly and competently. 2) Study past events, not only at your company, but at others as well. Every IR should have a post event "Lessons Learned" report/meeting and those lessons can be instrumental in helping your team practice and improve. You cannot be ready for EVERY scenario, but you can make sure your team is prepared, no matter what the event.

In which industry is your company located? 🏭 What is your geographical area? 🌎 Is your company using or providing online services? ☁️ Are users connecting from home? Do you have threat intelligence capabilities? 🤖 All these questions will assist you in this task. Good luck!

For the IR team who is just start doing plan of IR operation they should own clear data base of network model and Realtime validated.

Align your incident response objetives with your business continuity objectives (RTO, etc) your compliance requirements and your legal requirements (contracts, agreements, etc)

One thing I've found helpful is to laser focus on known areas of opportunity to improve. Reviewing a scenario that was poor, highlighting the areas of opportunity and then running a drill on those specific areas can quickly drive improvement. Always capture lessons learned, even in drill scenarios.

I think that well-defined SLA (service level agreement) must be set in order to condole plan and policy of IR. Consequently, it will be easy to practice SMART plan.

I have already simulated ransomware or phishing attack scenarios, where I evaluated the team's ways of acting from the first contact until the eradication of the threat on the network. Despite being controlled simulations, they were carried out without informing the incident response team at any time.

To ensure high effectiveness during tabletop scenarios it's crucial to plan a detailed scenario and to assign roles to each part. Focus on the team interaction, as most incident responses require a well coordinated team effort. Pre brief the scenario with those who have key roles and encourage everyone wear their "actor" hats to be as realistic as possible. Scripting out the scenario is very helpful and ensures standardization. Debrief after and capture areas for improvement.

Try to participate in purple team activities to get the most out of it as it captures the real dynamics and pressures in terms of risk.

For this part I think doing simulating exercise for each expected scenario on real test environment that was designed to simulate the protected environment weaknesses could help to build strong and trusted incident response processes and procedures.

To align better with SOC best practices and make easier the incident response one good idea is to define scenarios at least for the incident types used by the SOC instanced per each big environment of the organization. For example Data leak on cloud, or data leak main datacenter. This scenario categorization usually fits with the teams and technologies involved in the incident response process

Considering where your threat is most likely to come from, will help you identify the most likely attack vector. Threat intelligence reporting will help highlight any trends in your particular sector which gives a good starting point for creating realistic exercising scenarios.

Suitable framework must be applied to control the IR scenario but with very validated tunning. A good tunning will reduce probability of doing the wrong act for new incident cause every organization differs of others. Clearly, what could be practiced on telecom company is different on what could be practice on another telecom company.

Realistic response scenarios help understanding how the threat/malware can impact on the designated target. However how to adapt it to our defence/security requirements ant the real existing cyber threat landscape is the big challenge .

It's helpful to categorize areas of improvement and to create standard drop down answers for feedback. This will improve analysis and ease of reporting, but leave areas for free response as well.

Evaluating must include users and SysAdmin participants to measure the level of user's cybersecurity awareness then you must do awareness improvement accordingly. Indeed, never a suitable time to give awareness improvement more than right after incident response operation.  

A good practice to test scenarios with the most real data possible is to make use of red team exercises where the attacks simulates as much as possible the threat actors relevant to the organization

You can use real incident response scenarios from companies that have the same business model, so you can better evaluate the scenario you are currently experiencing, in addition to collecting information based on intelligence to obtain important information for future evaluation.

After an exercise or incident response, it is critical to conduct multi-level post incident reviews, gather conclusions from these interviews, and identify lessons learned.

It generally involves these key steps: 1. **Assessment**: Understand the incident's nature, scope, and potential impact. 2. **Communication**: Notify relevant stakeholders, both internal and external, while maintaining confidentiality if necessary. 3. **Containment**: Isolate affected systems or areas to prevent further damage or spread. 4. **Eradication**: Identify and remove the root cause of the incident. 5. **Recovery**: Restore affected systems and services to normal operation. 6. **Lessons Learned**: Analyze the incident to improve future response and prevent recurrence. The approach and tools used vary depending on whether it's a cybersecurity incident, a natural disaster, a public relations crisis, or another event.

Have incidents response Playbook/plan tailored to your environment. Use this playbook to internally align on incidents that ocure internally. This should include incident commanders and responders

#️⃣1️⃣8️⃣ 🙃 Host a Question and Answer session, plus tell a story, and add in some humor: Q: How did the hacker get in? A: Someone left their Windows open. Q: How did hacker get away? A: Used the backdoor and ransomware. Q: Why couldn't the witness identify the hacker? A: Used Spyware and Subnet Mask to hide identity. Q: How did the hacker get caught? A: CSIRT used a Bug, to lure in Scattered Spider, and they got stuck in the Web. A2: The CSIRT used Python to Byte...well, let's just say that a little bird (a.k.a. Parrot) did some squawking, but now they are done talking. Q: What happened to the hacker after getting caught? A: Police made them WannaCry by clearing their cookies. A2: FBI made their Heartbleed by deleting their cache.

All of the advice here has merit... for the person or team in charge of designing, running, evaluating, and improving the IR scenarios, but the most important thing is just to practice. Training takes time and repetition. Each time the team goes through a scenario, whether it's a simple verbal tabletop or a full-blown company-wide exercise, you will learn something. If the team receives timely, critical feedback, and then goes through it again, they will have the chance to improve and when the real incident occurs the impact can be minimized.

Efficiently adapting incident response requires a flexible and proactive approach. First, it is crucial to maintain a dynamic response plan, constantly revised to reflect changes in the threat landscape. The implementation of regular incident simulations, based on realistic and innovative scenarios, makes it possible to identify and correct gaps in the response strategy. Additionally, close collaboration with other organizations and participation in threat-sharing communities provide valuable insights and promote continuous adaptation. Process automation also plays a vital role in enabling faster and more efficient response to known incidents.