Quais são os padrões de migração de sistemas legados mais eficazes?

In addition to above explanation Here are some benefits of Rehosting: 1️⃣ Cost-effective: Rehosting can save you money by allowing you to move your legacy apps to the cloud with few modifications to their code or architecture. 2️⃣ Migration speed: As rehosting doesn't require major changes to the source code of the targeted apps, it's a good option for swift migration to the cloud. 3️⃣ Low risk: Since the application isn't changed during the rehosting process, the associated risk is low. Errors and service interruptions can be avoided as a result. 4️⃣ Better security: Rehosting legacy applications in secure cloud environments that are built to prevent cyber attacks and data breaches is an excellent way to boost security.

You pick up everything as it is and move it to a new place. In the tech world, it means moving your applications or systems from one environment to another without changing much. It's fast and easy but may not fully utilize the new environment's potential. For example, moving software from your computer to the cloud without redesigning it. It's quick but might not make the most of what the cloud offers, like scalability.

Lift and shift works well when you have a well-defined and stable system that you can easily move to the cloud to realize some of the benefits of cloud computing. A very simple example is a stand-alone web application that has minimal dependency on other on-premise systems and can be easily migrated over to a new and modern platform which can reduce the cost as well as provide modern features like scalability, CI/CD, high availability etc.

In addition to the explanations It can offer : Cost Effectiveness and minimal disruption : Since the application architecture remains largely unchanged, there's typically less disruption to business operations during the migration process. Users may not even notice the transition. This leads to Preservation of Business Processes and Minimal Training Required due to Consistency in Operations.

Also known as rehosting, this pattern involves moving the existing application to a new environment without any major changes to its architecture. This approach is quick and requires minimal modifications but may not fully leverage the benefits of the new environment.

Lift and shift quickly move data old systems to the cloud, saving time and money while taking advantage of cloud benefits like scalability and security. However, it doesn't fix underlying problems like outdated technology or slow performance. To solve these issues, additional steps such as updating platforms or restructuring code might be needed. This ensures the system stays effective and aligned with the company's goals in the long run.

Embora a migração "Lift and Shift" seja mais rápida e direta em comparação com outras abordagens, é importante considerar os custos associados à nova infraestrutura. Muitas vezes, a infraestrutura de nuvem pode oferecer uma flexibilidade de custos significativa, mas é necessário planejar e otimizar adequadamente para evitar surpresas financeiras após a migração. Isso pode incluir a seleção dos tipos de instâncias corretas, o dimensionamento adequado dos recursos e a implementação de políticas de gerenciamento de custos.

Refactor and Rebuild are two cloud migration strategies. Refactoring involves modifying an application’s architecture to adapt to cloud environments, enhancing its scalability and efficiency without fully rewriting it. It leverages cloud benefits but requires initial effort and investment. Rebuilding, means creating a new version of the application from the ground up, using cloud-native technologies. It’s a chance to optimize fully for the cloud, achieving better performance and scalability. While Rebuilding offers more modernization, it demands more resources and time. Both strategies aim to make applications more cloud-compatible, but the choice between them depends on the application's needs, resource availability, and long-term goals.

Refactor and Rebuild pattern stands out as the most intricate and time-intensive approach Why Choose Refactor and Rebuild? - Critical Systems: Ideal for vital, complex systems with substantial business value. - Improved Performance: Enhances functionality, performance, and maintainability of the original system. - Modern Tech Integration: Enables incorporation of modern features and capabilities, ensuring technological relevance.

This pattern involves making significant changes to the application, such as restructuring code, updating libraries, and optimizing performance while retaining its core functionality. This approach can improve the overall quality and maintainability of the application but may require more time and resources.

When setting objectives for refactoring, define specific goals aligned with organizational priorities. For example, a retail company aiming to enhance its e-commerce platform might focus on improving website load times to boost conversions. By prioritizing this goal, the development team can implement performance optimizations like code refactoring or database restructuring, with clear objectives guiding the refactoring effort, ensuring resources are effectively allocated to achieve desired outcomes.

É importante considerar dois aspectos: Compatibilidade com o novo sistema: Certifique-se de que os dados refatorados sejam compatíveis com o esquema de dados do novo sistema. Isso pode exigir a conversão de dados entre formatos ou a reestruturação de dados para se adequar aos requisitos do novo sistema. Backup e preservação dos dados originais: Antes de iniciar o processo de refatoração, faça backup completo dos dados originais do sistema legado para garantir que eles possam ser restaurados, se necessário. Além disso, mantenha um registro detalhado das transformações aplicadas durante o processo de refatoração.

This pattern involves gradually replacing parts of the legacy system with new components or services. Over time, the new system "strangles" the old system until it is fully replaced. This approach minimizes risks and allows for incremental improvements but requires careful planning and coordination.

Mapeamento claro das funcionalidades: Tenha um mapeamento claro das funcionalidades do sistema legado que serão substituídas no novo sistema. Isso ajuda a identificar as áreas prioritárias para migração e a garantir que todas as funcionalidades críticas sejam adequadamente substituídas. Identificação de dependências: Identifique e compreenda as dependências entre as diferentes partes do sistema legado e entre o sistema legado e o novo sistema. Isso é crucial para garantir que a migração ocorra de forma suave e que todas as dependências sejam gerenciadas adequadamente.

This pattern focuses on migrating data from the legacy system to the new system. It involves identifying, extracting, transforming, and loading data into the new system. Data migration is crucial for ensuring data integrity and continuity of operations but can be complex and time-consuming.

The most effective legacy system migration patterns for data migration include: 1. Big Bang: Migrate all data at once, minimizing transition time but increasing risk. 2. Phased Migration: Incrementally migrate subsets of data over time, reducing risk and allowing for gradual adaptation. 3. Parallel Adoption: Run old and new systems concurrently until confidence in the new system is established, ensuring minimal disruption. 4. Data Replication: Continuously replicate data between old and new systems until full migration, maintaining data integrity and accessibility throughout the process.

Thorough planning is essential for successful data migration. For instance, a healthcare organization planning to migrate patient records to new electronic medical records. The organization needs to meticulously plan the migration process, including defining the scope of data to be migrated, identifying potential data dependencies, establishing timelines, and allocating resources. By conducting comprehensive planning, the organization can minimize disruptions to patient care, ensure data accuracy and integrity, and successfully transition to the new system with minimal downtime that is key in today's world

Três cuidados são essenciais ao utilizar esse padrão: Qualidade dos dados: Certifique-se de que os dados a serem migrados estejam limpos, consistentes e livres de erros. Isso pode exigir a execução de processos de limpeza e normalização de dados antes da migração. Por exemplo: formatos de datas, siglas para campos como sexo, estado civil, nível de graduação etc. Segurança dos dados: Garanta a segurança dos dados durante todo o processo de migração, utilizando técnicas de criptografia e outras medidas de segurança para proteger as informações confidenciais, vale pena certificar-se de não cometer infrações das leis como LGPD. Comunicação: Manter todos envolvidos informados acerca do processo de migração e eventuais paradas dos sistemas.

Migrating data in a Hybrid Pattern means moving data between different environments, like between on-premises servers and cloud platforms. First, identify what data needs to move and why, considering factors like cost, performance, and security. Then, choose the right tools and methods for the migration, whether it's through manual transfer, automated processes, or specialized software. During the migration, keep an eye on things to ensure data integrity and minimize disruptions to users. Once the data is moved, test it thoroughly to make sure everything works as expected. By following these steps, organizations can smoothly migrate data between different environments in a Hybrid Pattern.

Análise de requisitos e planejamento detalhado: Antes de iniciar a migração, é essencial realizar uma análise completa dos requisitos do projeto e elaborar um plano detalhado que leve em consideração os padrões selecionados. Isso inclui identificar quais partes do sistema serão migradas usando quais abordagens e definir claramente os objetivos, prazos e recursos necessários para cada etapa da migração. Identificação de riscos e mitigação: é importante identificar e avaliar os riscos associados à migração, incluindo possíveis problemas técnicos, desafios de compatibilidade e impactos nos usuários finais. Com base nessas análise, medidas de mitigação devem ser planejadas para minimizar o impacto de problemas durante a migração.

This pattern combines multiple migration patterns to suit the specific needs of the legacy system. For example, it might involve lifting and shifting some components while refactoring others. The hybrid approach allows for flexibility and can help mitigate risks associated with a single migration pattern.

First step should be to understand the legacy data and why it was designed that way. Next, would be to trace the changes using time series data analysis of when the data was last updated. And then convert the useful data according to current needs and formats.

Based on what I have experienced from very large migration programs, it is extremely critical to ensure align with business driver, apex leadership and various group leadership before deciding on the migration approach. If the migration business driver is cost optimization, sustainability or scalability, then either of approach rehost, relocate, replatform, refactor, repurchase, retire, and retain can be applicable based on application infrastructure suitability. On the other hand, if the driver is IT risk and security requiring version upgrades, then replatform or refactor could be more applicable.

Risk Management: Identify and mitigate risks associated with the migration, such as data loss, downtime, and performance issues. Testing and Validation: Conduct thorough testing and validation of the new system to ensure that it meets the required performance, security, and scalability standards. Change Management: Implement effective change management processes to manage the transition and ensure that all stakeholders are informed and involved. Cost and Resource Planning: Estimate the costs and resources required for the migration, including personnel, tools, and infrastructure, and plan accordingly. Post-Migration Support: Provide adequate support and training for users to adapt to the new system.

Testes devem ser realizados em todas as etapas da migração, desde a preparação e a refatoração dos dados até a implementação e a validação do novo sistema. Isso inclui testes de integração entre os sistemas legado e novo, testes de desempenho, testes de segurança e testes de aceitação do usuário. Os testes devem ser conduzidos de forma abrangente e sistemática para garantir que todas as funcionalidades estejam funcionando conforme o esperado e que não haja regressões ou problemas inesperados após a migração.