Comment évaluer l’intégrité d’un puits de forage ?

Challenges include maintaining casing and cement barriers, detecting leaks, monitoring corrosion, and assessing formation integrity. Methods like logging tools, pressure testing, corrosion monitoring, and formation integrity testing are employed for evaluation and remediation.

La evaluacion de la Integridad del Pozo debe comenzar en el tiempo 0 de la contruccion del pozo. Debe formar parte de la ingenieria de pperforacion con la correcta seleccion de materiales de entubacion en funcion de datos clave como salinidades del agua de formacion, cromatografia de los gases a encontrar en la zona de perforacion, presiones a las que va a estar expuesta esa cañeria , presencia de fallas que puedan activarse a partir de alguna fractura inducida en el pozo, mecanismo de drenaje primarios del yacimiento donde se esta perforando (no es lo mismo si tenemos un acuifero activo que si tenemos un casquete de gas libre). Al construir la matriz de riesgo podemos tener en cuenta estos parametros y construir el pozo adecuadamente.

La integridad de pozos debe llevarse a cabo durante toda el ciclo de vida del pozo siguiendo estudios del tipo HAZIP y HAZOP. Desde el diseño con la seleccion adecuada de materiales y componentes y barreras . Durante la produccion y mantenimiento con la adecuada manipulacion de sus componentes, el monitoreo de presiones, fluidos, espesores erosion y corrosión;hasta su adecuado abandono. Herramientas como empacaduras, tapones, niples de asiento estrategicamente colocados, registros acusticos y de imagenes, uso de inhibidores son valiosas en el seguimiento a la integridad del pozo.

Interesting question and way too complex to respond on a post. That leaves me with more questions than answers. I guess I should make a flow chart and send it for free? Would my contribution make an AI tool stronger? I am tempted to say: Ask ChatGPT. I mean what’s in it for any of us here? Contribution, interesting term by subtlety calling for a community task. Last time I check I am still asked to pay for a premium membership, and AI tools want to charge… Funny that before the saying was when a product is free you are the product. Now it seems like you want information for free, to sell it later. No thanks.

Part-1: Wellbore integrity is a vital aspect of subsurface operations that requires careful planning, execution, and monitoring. Each of those stages presents different challenges. The main challenge during the planning is the contradiction with the well cost, as designing the well to the best-assumed wellbore integrity measures will require selecting a higher grade of materials, which is obviously more expensive. The question "Do we really need that?" is common among well-construction engineers and project managers. This challenge is related to the fact that we are dealing with an unknown environment; even with all the data that could be available still, some assumptions need to be taken, and safety factors need to be decided.

La integridad de los pozos petroleros en el Mar del Norte es crucial. Se emplean inspecciones visuales con vehículos operados remotamente y sensores de presión y temperatura para detectar problemas. Las pruebas de integridad con cemento son fundamentales para garantizar el sellado adecuado. Factores como la corrosión y condiciones climáticas adversas se monitorean constantemente. Solo mediante una atención constante se puede asegurar la seguridad operativa y ambiental mientras se maximiza la producción de hidrocarburos.

Wellbore integrity assessment in old wells which are candidate for workover operation in one of the primary challenge. The first and foremost step for wellbore integrity assessment will depend on the nature of workover operation planned for. If the operation includes retrieval of tubing, checking on surface pressure, running in multifinger calliper tool with ultrasonic metal loss detection tools, conducting pressure test and cement bond evaluation will be initial tests to assess the well integrity. This will be followed by evaluation of downhole BHA, pulled out tubing inspection and recompleting the well as per plan.

Maintaining wellbore integrity is vital in drilling operations, and essential for safe production. Challenges include stabilizing formations to prevent collapses and stuck pipes. Swelling formations require tailored drilling practices and mud selection. Loss of circulation can lead to pressure loss and damage, emphasizing the need for effective materials and techniques. Ensuring casing and cementing integrity is crucial to prevent gas migration and failures. Corrosive fluids and extreme conditions necessitate proactive measures for wellbore integrity.

Oil and gas wellbore integrity challenges vary depending upon the different types of conventional and unconventional reservoirs, vertical versus horizontal wells, onshore versus offshore, and special types of well designs, purpose and operations (e.g. gas and water injection, geothermal, high-pressure and high-temperature (HPHT), enhanced oil recovery (EOR), deep-water drilling, plugging and abandonment). Well integrity issues are most commonly associated with the cement quality, casing corrosion, dynamic drilling and production pressures, and completion and abandonment complexities. Resolving well integrity issues enhances the potential to achieve optimum production, maximum reserves recovery, and cost-effective operations.

Assessing wellbore integrity involves evaluating the condition of the well to ensure it is structurally sound and there is no unwanted flow of fluids between the wellbore and the surrounding formations. This is crucial for maintaining operational safety, environmental protection, and the efficient production of reservoir fluids.Here are key steps and methods used to assess wellbore integrity: visual inspection, cement evaluation, casing Inspection, pressure testing, temperature and noise logs, mechanical integrity test (MIT), corrosion Evaluation, reservoir and production monitoring and regular maintenance and inspection. By integrating these methods, operators can comprehensively assess wellbore integrity to maintain well operations.

Wellbore integrity can be assessed using various methods: Cement Bond Logs (CBL): Assess casing-cement bonding. Example: Conducting a CBL to evaluate cement bond quality and detect defects. Pressure Testing: Identifies leaks or integrity issues by pressurizing the wellbore. Example: Conducting a pressure test to monitor pressure responses and detect leaks. Corrosion Monitoring: Inspects corrosion rates using coupons or probes. Example: Monitoring corrosion rates over time with coupons to detect potential integrity threats. Formation Integrity Testing (FIT): Evaluates formation barriers' integrity with pressure tests. Example: Performing a FIT by injecting fluid into the formation and monitoring pressure responses for anomalies.

As the Norsok D-010 defines it,  The application of technical, operational and organizational solutions to reduce risk of uncontrolled release of formation fluids and well fluids throughout the life cycle of a well. The integrity of the well barriers and completion elements should be verified routinely. this verification includes pressure measurement and pressure testing, leak detection, corrosion monitoring, zonal isolation and assessing produced fluids (what and from where). Application of these methods can save you 10 to 20 million $ well and extend its life and maximize its value.

Wellbore integrity is important for safety in the operation and for protecting the environment throughout the life of the well: from drilling, to production, to abandonment. The integrity assessment methods will vary depending on the well type and stage in the life of the well. During drilling, you need to ensure that there are appropriate barriers to prevent the flow of reservoir fluids to the environment (this is typically provided by the mud weight), and also to prevent the wellbore fluid pressure from fracturing the formations drilled (typically provided by appropriate selection of depths for setting the different casing strings), which can be informed by performing formation integrity or leak-off tests and monitoring fluid losses.

Hay muchas formas de evaluar la integridad de pozos. Cuando decidimos reparar el pozo, deberiamos leer atentamente el legajo del pozo, buscando señales de pesca, de perdidas de hermeticidad en la zona somera y comportamientos de produccion: incremento de produccion de agua, valores diferentes de salinidad, etc. Una vez realizado esto, podemos correr perfiles de cemento y de corrosion que nos den pautas claras de rotura o una opcion mas cara es intervenir el pozo y probar hermeticidad por ejemplo.

Monitoring well barriers is imperative to assess the integrity of a well throughout all phases of its life cycle. For instance, in the drilling phase, primary and secondary well control barriers must be closely monitored so that one can instantaneously prevent or act upon leakages from wells.

The well life cycle is typically designed to withstand 25 to 30 years of production before abandonment. In my experience, the most effective method involves pressure testing the annulus during intervention as part of preventive maintenance. This is achieved by running a retrievable plug into the hole and conducting a pressure test on the annulus for a short period, ensuring that the pressure does not exceed the MAASP (maximum allowable annulus surface pressure) to avoid damaging the well.

La integridad del pozo inicia con el agujero descubierto que deberá tener una trayectoria con severidades bajas para bajar sin contratiempos la tubería de revestimiento que aislará el interior del pozo de la formación, posterior evaluar una buena cementación mediante registros sónicos, lo ideal será cubrir hasta el traslape de la etapa anterior, posteriormente se deberá incluir las conexiones superficiales, las cuales se evalúan realizando pruebas hidrostáticas, una vez garantizado la integridad superficial se probara la tubería igual mediante pruebas hidrostáticas, que simulen las condiciones de yacimiento, evaluar mediante calibraciones que el pozo esta libre de obstáculos mecanicos.

Anticipating problems through advanced data analytics and integrating cybersecurity measures are crucial to ensuring the safety and effectiveness of well operations. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that well integrity assessment should begin from the early stages of well construction, considering parameters such as water salinity, gas presence, pressures, fault presence, and reservoir drainage mechanism. This approach from the initial phase significantly contributes to proper well construction. This early-stage care is fundamental to prevent future problems and ensure the safety and effectiveness of well operations.

The choice of well integrity assessment method must be carefully considered, taking into account the specific conditions of each situation. The correct application of these methods during drilling, completion, intervention, or well abandonment operations is crucial to ensure the safety and efficiency of operations in the oil and gas sector. Different methods such as pressure testing, visual inspections, temperature and pressure monitoring, among others, can be used depending on the circumstances and the type of well. The appropriate use of these methods helps identify potential problems early and take necessary measures to ensure well integrity and operational safety.

- real-time monitoring and surveillance systems provide insights of the wellbore conditions, allowing for early diagnosis of integrity issues and rapid intervention. - regular inspections help to identify corrosion, cracks, and other integrity threats.

Generally, mechanical set packers have been used to test the mechanical integrity of the casing by seating and unseating the packer at various depths and then applying pressure through the annulus for a certain time and observing for any pressure drop. Logging tools such as CBL is used to evaluate cement behind the casing, giving information about cement to formation and casing to cement bond. On the other hand, USIT provides images of the cement around the casing. It gives detailed image of material distribution: solid, gas, and unstuck cement. USIT is used for cement evaluation and corrosion detection by ultrasonic principle.

Very simple; run the cleanest casing joints across the reservoir, carefully evaluate the VDL for formation collapse and micro-channels, check scale build up via GR evaluation, micro-corrosion logs, and do not leave the casing under continuous stress ! At surface, put a 7 ft old piece of pipe beside the well, fill it with salt water and find out if it gets corroded with time (this makes pipe/well anode cathode), continue this and keep the well in a good shape for a long time.

A análise de teste em poços tem grande importância na área de engenharia de petróleo, pois permite conhecer o reservatório, pode-se obter a pressão de reservatório, a permeabilidade da formação, as estimativas da reserva e o dano ou a estimulação na vizinhança imediata do poço, por exemplo pode ser usadas para o teste uma ferramenta conhecida como Packer de teste, que são acionados mecanicamente pela coluna de tubos, sendo posicionados determinadas profundidades no interior do revestimento quando são inflados e utilizados para teste do revestimento. Outras ferramentas são as de perfilagem são muito utilizadas para os testes de revestimento, cimentação, recimentação e formação, para testes e identificação de zonas de interesses.

Drawing from my rigless work background, common approaches employed to assess tubing integrity include pressurizing tubing, conducting Pressure & Temperature Logging, utilizing Production Logging Tools, employing Mechanical Tubing Gauges, and other related methods.

The tools mentioned, such as inflatable packers, cement evaluation tools, and multifolded tweezers, play a crucial role in the early identification of potential problems and in maintaining well integrity. By allowing pressure testing, assessment of cement quality and strength, and measurement of the internal diameter and shape of the casing or tubing, these tools provide valuable insights that guide operational and maintenance decisions. Therefore, the use of advanced well integrity assessment tools is fundamental to ensuring safety, efficiency, and sustainability in the Oil and Gas sector, contributing to incident prevention and environmental preservation.

Assess wellbore integrity through regular inspection using advanced tools, data analytics for trend analysis, continuous corrosion management with probes, advanced logging techniques like electromagnetic sensors, real-time monitoring systems integration, periodic wellbore testing including FIT, collaboration with industry standards, and training programs for personnel.

-Well integrity goes from the design phase to the abandonment one! If you miss to consider one of the different phases of well construction you can be in problems at certain point during well life. -Another aspect is the objetive of the well. It is common that a producer is converted into an injector well. Although they look like similar they are different in terms of integrity so this potential change during well life must be considered during design phase. -Monitoring and reporting are important to track changes, evaluate conditions and most important to define when inspections are required. What it is not controled can not be managed! -Here only wells are tackled but integrity is a wider term that includes all company assets.

Well integrity assessment requires careful planning, selection of appropriate methods and tools, regular and consistent assessment, analysis and interpretation of data, and documentation and communication of results and recommendations. These practices are essential to ensure the reliability and effectiveness of the assessment. Furthermore, it is important to emphasize that effective communication of results and recommendations to relevant stakeholders is crucial to ensure that necessary corrective actions are taken in a timely manner. Transparency and collaboration among all stakeholders play a fundamental role in ensuring well integrity and operational safety.

The complexity of well operations, coupled with environmental and safety challenges, demands the implementation of robust and meticulous processes for structural integrity assessment. By planning and designing the evaluation program according to specific objectives, well history, and risks, companies in the sector can strategically allocate their resources, prioritizing the prevention of potential failures and maximizing the effectiveness of maintenance operations. Careful selection of appropriate methods and tools, based on the quality and accuracy of required data, is essential to ensure the reliability of the information obtained.

El primer beneficio de la evalaucion de la integridad del pozo es evitar incidentes en relacion a fallas de integridad en pozos (surgencias no provistas, explosiones, evacuaciones o derrames). despues vienen otros beneficios que son aumentar la vida util de los pozos, evitar recementaciones o reparaciones de pozos complicadas (con dias intentando cementar una rotura de pozo ue muchas veces conlleva a abandonar el pozo), benficios a la hora de decidir que pozos selecciono para optimizar mi produccion pueden ser otros ejemplos

Contar con una buena integridad evitara costos de reparaciones correctivas, problemas de seguridad y de riesgos ambientales durante la vida productiva del pozo, además que facilitara las labores de abandono.

In the realm of well intervention, prioritizing a pre-work program is essential to safeguard tubing integrity. This proactive approach serves to mitigate potential risks associated with wellbore integrity, including uncontrolled hydrocarbon production, equipment entrapment, reservoir crossflow incidents, and safety hazards.

It is important to emphasize that the effective implementation of well integrity assessment requires a continuous commitment to safety and compliance, contributing to the sustainability and efficiency of oil and gas operations. This proactive approach not only benefits companies in the sector but also promotes worker safety and environmental protection.

The integration of cutting-edge technologies like fiber-optic sensors, machine learning for predictive maintenance, and autonomous robotic systems has advanced wellbore integrity assessment. Future trends may focus on increased automation, improved data analytics, and the use of smart materials for enhanced management.

Wellbore integrity is important throughout the life of the well (from drilling, to production, to abandonment), and the assessment methods will vary depending with the stage in the life of the well. In addition to my previous comment for the drilling stage, wells that are in operation are periodically tested and have their pressures monitored to determine their integrity status. Even after abandonment integrity is important, and the operation needs to be carried out in compliance with the standards required, typically needing to restore the original isolation of the reservoir by means of cement plugs set at appropriate depths and tested.

Extensive surveillance becomes cost prohibitive later in asset life when it is actually the most beneficial & is required the most; this problem is especially acute for mature assets aged 50+ years with 100+ wells. The industry will benefit greatly if service providers could develop low-cost tools/solutions & gain by making it attractive for operators to conduct larger volumes of surveillance.

In the northern region of Pakistan, the typical expense for drilling a well averages around 20 million USD, with the drilling process extending over nearly a year. Conversely, in Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, the average cost for a well ranges between 1 to 2 million USD, and the drilling duration typically spans just one week (unconventional wells & the cost includes fracturing expenses). On offshore sites, the expenditure for an oil & gas well can exceed 50 million USD. So, if you don't want to lose your well (1 to 50 million USD) pay attention to well integrity. Unfortunately, many companies overlook this aspect, although there is a growing trend of incorporating well integrity engineering roles within their teams.

Wellbore integrity is a critical aspect of oil and gas drilling operations since it prevents fluid leakage, gas migration, and environmental contamination. To ensure the integrity of wellbores, a combination of technology and best practices must be used throughout the well’s lifecycle, from design and construction to production and, abandonment.

Probably fiber optics would be the lowest cost option. We need to employ a long term reservoir and welll integrity management system.

Il faut également considérer le temps long. Un test de 15 min n'est pas significatif sur le temps long. De ce fait le monitorind des annulaires est critique.

Ensuring the integrity of a wellbore is essential for safe operations. Methods include pressure testing, casing inspections, fluid analysis, temperature logging, cement bond logs, acoustic measurements, and video inspections. By using these techniques together, operators can effectively assess wellbore integrity for safe and reliable operations. #OilandGas #WellIntegrity #SafetyFirst

In my experience… Scaling. We can predict PVT accurately but actual scale precipitation prediction is still not there. Flow influences scale - need scaling maps for bottleneck well locations based on local velocity magnitude. Corrosion can also be accelerated by flow. Sand screen erosion is dictated by production rate and sand pack formation. Current evaluation tests do not account for packing and zonal sand mixing. Gas Well liquid loading and tubing erosion industry standards may need revision, overly conservative. AICDs and similar devices for water management. In the long term they may cause more harm than good. Standard reservoir modeling practices may be inadequate for AICD long term evaluation due to low resolution.