Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ḱḗr

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

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    Reconstruction

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    The nominative singular form is underlyingly */ḱérd/, yielding the surface form *ḱḗr which is itself evident in Ancient Greek κῆρ (kêr) and Hittite 𒆠𒅕 (ker). This reconstruction is the only instance in PIE where a loss of */d/ after */r/ with compensatory lengthening of the preceding vowel occurred. It is not clear whether this is an isolated example, or a part of a broader process such as Szemerényi's law.

    Noun

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    *ḱḗr n (oblique stem *ḱr̥d-)[1]

    1. heart

    Inflection

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    Athematic, amphikinetic
    singular
    nominative *ḱḗr
    genitive *ḱr̥dés
    singular dual plural
    nominative *ḱḗr *ḱérdih₁ *ḱérdh₂
    vocative *ḱḗr *ḱérdih₁ *ḱérdh₂
    accusative *ḱḗr *ḱérdih₁ *ḱérdh₂
    genitive *ḱr̥dés *? *ḱr̥dóHom
    ablative *ḱr̥dés *? *ḱr̥dmós, *ḱr̥dbʰós
    dative *ḱr̥déy *? *ḱr̥dmós, *ḱr̥dbʰós
    locative *ḱḗr, *ḱérdi *? *ḱr̥dsú
    instrumental *ḱr̥déh₁ *? *ḱr̥dmís, *ḱr̥dbʰís

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    References

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    1. ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 417-423