This was released on 29 July on the 37 th anniversary of the signing of the Indo- Sri Lanka Accord on 29 July 1987. We normally assemble at the National War Memorial at India Gate. Veterans are joined by their families, next of kin of those killed in action, serving army personnel, NCC cadets of the Delhi Directorate & members of the public. The commemoration is subject to permission being granted by the MOD/ AHQ. Till now they have granted us permission only for “silent” commemoration- no bugler to sound the Last Post- a traditional military method for honoring those who died on the battle field. We are allowed to lay upto 5 wreaths. We have been getting “ veer naris”- wife/ mother/ kin to lay the first wreath. Our struggle to get those brave 1171 souls killed in action while implementing the Indo Sri Lanka Accord began in 2021. The National War Memorial at India Gate was inaugurated in Feb 2019. The next two years were the Covid years. Hitherto & even now various units who lost members in SL during OP Pawan held their own commemorative ceremonies within their units on different days. HQs 21 Corps, Bhopal - successor formation HQs to the IPKF created a memorial to their braves at Bhopal. Annual remembrance days are held at Bhopal. HQs 54 Infantry Division- the first formation to land in SL on 30 July 1987- also holds commemorative functions annually at their present location in Hyderabad. Similar functions are also observed at the present locations of other formations that operated in SL- HQs 36 Inf Div, HQs 57 Mountain Division & HQs 4 Mountain Division. Our struggle has been to get our heroes commemorated at a single national ceremony at Delhi- like it is done for Kargil Divas or Vijay Divas ( 1971 War). Soldiers fighting for the nation. Linking their sacrifices to ruling political parties- Congress ( 1971) or BJP ( Kargil, 1999) is abhorrent. Hence our demand for a national Memorial Day for all fallen armed forces personnel in all our military actions since 15 Aug 1947. There are over 24000 names engraved on bricks at the NWM - arranged operation wise. There is an IPKF memorial in Colombo. Every dignitary from India lays a wreath there during a ceremonial guard of honor. The same is also org by our High Commission every 15th Aug & 26th Jan. We are ignoring this in our own country.
MAJOR SAMMER PALL TOOR (3rd Generation Infantry Veteran)’s Post
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Dunn, J. (2017). ‘For God, Emperor, and Country! ’The Evolution of Ethiopia’s Nineteenth Century Army. In African Military History (pp. 403-424). Routledge. ABSTRACT: Ethiopian soldiers were vastly different from troops raised by other African states. Traditionally, Ethiopian armies maintained an all-round defense with the commander and his best troops occupying the Gadam, or 'central place'. Such picked forces, called Elfign Ashkar, obtained the best weapons and training. Although brave to the point of foolhardiness in previous battles with the Egyptians and British, by the 1870s most Ethiopians were familiar with the killing zone created by modern firearms. Nature severely retarded the growth of Ethiopia's mounted force via a rinderpest epidemic which killed vast numbers of horses in 1889–90. Except for its modern armament, an Ethiopian army on the march was but slightly removed from that of ancient Aksum. Ethiopian losses were heavy, with over seven thousand dead, but the army was intact and poised to invade Eritrea. Italy was now ready to negotiate, allowing Menelik to secure favorable terms ending this last challenge to nineteenth-century Ethiopia's independence.
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