ARM User Facility’s Post

Meet Kim Strong, Professor of Physics at the University of Toronto. Kim is an atmospheric scientist, and along with colleagues, has set up the Multidisciplinary Observatory for Arctic Climate Change and Extreme Events Monitoring (MOACC) at #CHARS! Check out this video for a wonderful description of the project - straight from the Professor! 🎥 by Brodie Larocque

The General Assembly of the European Geosciences Union (EGU) was held last month in #Vienna. There, I had the privilege of sharing the findings of our recently accepted research paper "Changing effects of external forcing on Atlantic-Pacific interactions". Our study utilized the PCMCI+ causal discovery method to analyze reanalysis data, pacemaker simulations, and a pre-industrial control run. We found that: - There was a shift from a Pacific-driven regime to an Atlantic-driven regime between 1950 and 2014. - The effect of ENSO on the Atlantic basin diminished after the mid-1980s. - There is growing evidence that increased external forcing strongly contributed to ENSO's response to tropical Atlantic variability during the most recent decades. I'm grateful for the collaboration with my co-authors from University of Bremen, German Aerospace Center (DLR) in both Oberpfaffenhofen and Jena, and from NSF NCAR - The National Center for Atmospheric Research. It was also fantastic to see a dedicated session on causality at the #EGU24 conference, highlighting the significant potential of this field in climate science. You can read the full abstract here: https://lnkd.in/eWAKxgWs Published paper: https://lnkd.in/ehHVVQWS #EGU24 #ClimateChange #OceanInteractions #ClimateScience #Causality

From apparent attenuation towards physics-based source terms – a perspective on spectral wave modeling in ice-covered seas - Frontiers in Marine Science: Numerical modeling of waves in sea ice covered regions of the oceans is important for many applications, from short-term forecasting and ship route planning up to climate modeling. In spite of a substantial progress in wave-in-ice research that took place in recent years, spectral wave models – the main tool for wave modeling at regional and larger scales – still don't capture the underlying physics and have rather poor predictive skills. This article discusses recent developments in wave observations and spectral wave modeling in sea ice, identifies problems and shortcomings of the approaches used so far, and sketches future directions that, in the opinion of the author, have the potential to improve the performance of wave-in-ice models. https://lnkd.in/gSRdKvjy

Scientists from the IBS Center for Climate Physics, South Korea just started the first coupled climate change simulations at ~4 km resolution using the OpenIFS-Fesom (AWI-CM3) model. This research is part of our ongoing collaboration with scientists from the Alfred Wegener Institute, Germany. Our supercomputer Aleph will be busy for the next months to simulate the response of the climate system to various greenhouse gas scenarios. Stay tuned... The figure below shows a 3-hour snapshot of total clouds (in white) and surface temperature (color shading), generated with the Paraview software.

We have a new study out in Nature Portfolio! In it, we demonstrate how state-of-the-art weather forecast models can be used to understand human influence on extreme weather events, focusing on the exceptional Pacific Northwest Heatwave. Link to the study: https://rdcu.be/dJp74. If you're interested in learning more but don't want to read the whole paper, I've written a thread on twitter here: https://lnkd.in/effyuQmi

The mass redistribution of tidal origin is due to the gravitational atraction that the Moon and the Sun exert on the Earth. This redistribution changes the potential energy of the mechanical system, affecting in this way the Earth’s rotation. In the last few years (Baenas et al. 2019, 2020, and 2021), we have derived analytical formulae for the contributions linked to this process, and related to precession and nutation motions, and secular changes of length of the day. The mathematical procedure is based on the Hamiltonian formalism of the non-rigid Earth rotation. A key ingredient in this calculation process is the modeling of the Earth deformation. It relies on the Love numbers theory —more precisely, Love complex functions—, which are considered dependent of the Fourier-type decomposition frequencies induced by the Earth’s anelastic response. Thus, the numerical evaluation of our formulae requires standards that provide a set of the Love numbers for each perturbing frequency. We derive the numerical value of the nutation amplitudes and rates of precession and secular change of length of day, arising from the Love number sets for the solid tides (IERS Conventions 2010) and for the direct ocean tides (Wiliams and Boggs 2016), the latter not explicitly included in the IERS Conventions 2010 standard. The results achieved show that both sets must be taken into account in view of the current accuracy of the theory. Hence the need to achieve a consistent standarization of all the mechanisms contributing to Love numbers in the upcoming updates of the IERS and GGOS standards. Baenas, T., Escapa, A., & Ferrándiz, J.M. (Abstract accepted for presentation at the AGU24 Meeting, https://lnkd.in/dSKm_hYh. AGU24 will take place in Washington, D.C., from 9-13 December 2024) https://lnkd.in/gVzKvfy https://lnkd.in/dy8CqRB https://lnkd.in/d_VUQk_r

Abstract :"One-third of Mars’ surface has shallow-buried H2O, but it is currently too cold for use by life. Proposals to warm Mars using greenhouse gases require a large mass of ingredients that are rare on Mars’ surface. However, we show here that artificial aerosols made from materials that are readily available at Mars—for example, conductive nanorods that are ~9 micrometers long—could warm Mars >5 × 103 time smore effectively than the best gases. Such nanoparticles forward-scatter sunlight and efficiently block upwelling thermal infrared. Like the natural dust of Mars, they are swept high into Mars’ atmosphere, allowing delivery from the near-surface. For a 10-year particle lifetime, two climate models indicate that sustained release at 30 liters per second would globally warm Mars by ≳30 kelvin and start to melt the ice. Therefore, if nanoparticles can be made at scale on (or delivered to) Mars, then the barrier to warming of Mars appears to be less high than previously thought." Samaneh Ansari1, Edwin S. Kite 2*, Ramses Ramirez3, Liam J. Steele2,4, Hooman Mohseni 1 department of electrical and computer engineering, northwestern University,evanston, il, USA. 2 department of the Geophysical Sciences, University of chicago,chicago, il, USA. 3department of Physics, University of central Florida, Orlando, Fl,USA. 4 european center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, UK. https://lnkd.in/eDaBtEFJ Feasibility of keeping Mars warm with nanoparticles

Consider submitting an abstract to AGU2024 Session SH002: Advances in Modeling and Observations for the Characterization of the Space and Atmospheric Ionizing Radiation Environments https://lnkd.in/eyKmZGD3

Chongai Kuang, an atmospheric scientist at Brookhaven National Laboratory, shared how the Bankhead National Forest (#ARMBNF) atmospheric observatory is advancing our understanding of forest-atmosphere interactions. Using tools like ARM's Aerosol Observing System, scientists will study cloud formation, aerosols, and air quality in northern #Alabama. Over the next five years, data collected here at BNF will help to improve earth system models and better understand climate-relevant atmospheric processes. 🌎✨ U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

#PhD researcher from Wageningen University & Research Mirjam Tijhuis recently published her paper titled “The impact of coupled 3D shortwave radiative transfer on surface radiation and cumulus clouds over land” in Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. In this paper, she studied the differences between using 1D and 3D radiative transfer. Radiative transfer in the atmosphere is a 3D process, which is often modelled in 1D for computational efficiency. With 3D #radiation, larger #clouds develop, which contain more liquid water. However, they cover roughly the same part of the sky, and the average total radiation at the surface is almost unchanged. The increase in cloud size might be important for weather models, as it can impact the formation of #rain, for example. Chiel van Heerwaarden, Associate Professor in Meteorology at Wageningen University is one of the co-authors of the paper. During the #Ruisdael Science Day, Chiel spoke about unraveling the link between 3D radiation and cloud properties from many large eddy simulations over our measurement station in #Cabauw. Read the full paper here: https://lnkd.in/edjXPQ2V Wageningen Institute for Environment and Climate Research (WIMEK) | NWO (Dutch Research Council)