I like to follow the modular approach in my design. So in an assembly where there are multiple parts, I'll go to the one which requires changes and make changes accordingly. Keeping sldprt (f3d in case of fusion) files from the start is of great help to navigate changes. In many cases, the push/pull command is helpful for making changes to a part after everything is done.

With modern CAD feature recognition and direct mesh editing, no design is set in stone. Making necessary revisions to features or dimensions can be simplified with design tables and by changing the sequence of operations in the timeline (Fusion360). The real issue lies in validating that the revised design still achieves the requirements and applicable standards. This is where communication is critical, as its easy for both parties to assume that minor changes do not need further analysis.

The essence of engineering design lies in testing, iterating, and refining until reaching the best solution. A strong CAD model must be adaptable, able to accommodate client changes seamlessly. Flexibility is key—excellent designers build room for adjustments from the start. A practical approach I recommend is to "divide and conquer" by breaking down the model into independent parts or assemblies. Each element should function autonomously, free from restrictive interdependencies, so that any single part can be updated without disrupting the whole. When design engineers master the art of creating such assemblies, they ensure that every element remains easily interchangeable—ready to meet new requirements without starting from scratch.

Em todos os meus projetos, adoto a utilização de blocos dinâmicos com o maior número possível de parâmetros para ajustes. Essa abordagem facilita modificações, especialmente em projetos com muitos componentes repetitivos. Além disso, é possível alterar facilmente os parâmetros e informações desses blocos utilizando Macros em VBA, otimizando ainda mais o processo para possíveis mudanças.

To handle client changes in CAD design without starting over, use modular and parametric modeling, so individual parts can be adjusted. Keep track of revisions, anticipate change-prone areas, and set up a clear change management process. These strategies maintain flexibility and save time.

In Engineering, there is room for Flexibility, that's why there's a document known as "as-built" If we keep our minds open to changes that must occur with regard to challenges in constructability, then we shouldn't see clients last minute changes differently, except that, we must analize the implications and communicate accordingly, if the client is ready to accept the consequence, it's all part of the work.

Embrace Parametric Design: If you're using software that supports parametric design, you're in luck! This means your design is built on relationships and formulas, so changing one element can automatically update others. - Layers and Groups: Keep your design organized with clever use of layers and groups. This allows you to easily isolate specific elements and make changes without affecting the whole design. - Version Control: Always keep track of different versions of your design. This allows you to revert back to previous iterations if needed, and helps you see the evolution of the project. - Communicate Clearly: Talk to your client before starting a change! This is really important to avoid confusion and wasted effort.

I mostly rely on a parametric modeling approach, which allows for adjustments by modifying key parameters rather than redrawing entire components. By setting critical dimensions, constraints, and relationships within the model, I can quickly implement changes while maintaining design integrity. For instance, if a client requests adjustments to dimensions or features, I simply update the parameters or constraints, and the model adjusts accordingly across all dependent parts and assemblies. If the changes require more complex modifications, I can also use surface modeling or add reference geometry for localized alterations without impacting the entire structure.

The best practices I have in mind I would collect document changes and record all updates, including dates and client approvals. I would also regularly review and update the design brief. By doing that, I would maintain transparent communication and ensure that client understanding and expectations align with the goal of the entire CAD design project.

Anticipation of the features that are going to be changed by the client is very important so that you can perimetrise those features.