What are the best practices for using scan tools and code readers in the aftermarket?

Knowing the make and model of your vehicle is crucial, but one factor I feel is most important is the year of the vehicle and the onboard diagnostics (OBD) available. The truths of the industry are: 1. Not all scan tools are built the same. 2. Not all vehicles can utilize a scan tool. The mainstream and most common OBD universals are OBD 2, OBD 1, and OBD 0. Since 1968, OEM's have been implementing onboard diagnostics to help owners and technicians keep their cars on the road and adhere to an emission standard of some sort. However, it wasn't until 1996 that the universally known OBD-2 most scanners are designed for was mandated in the U.S. So get under your dash and find that rhombus-shaped port to ensure an OBD-2 scanner is for you!

🔑 Understanding your vehicle's specifications is crucial before using diagnostic tools. Ensure you're familiar with the make, model, year, engine, and transmission details. While some tools auto-detect this info, others need manual input. This knowledge aids in selecting the correct protocol, adapter, and software, preventing compatibility issues and errors. Additionally, knowing your vehicle enhances diagnostic accuracy. Efficiently utilizing scan tools hinges on this foundational understanding, facilitating smoother troubleshooting and maintenance processes.

Selecting the appropriate scan tool is crucial—how precise are your diagnostic instruments? Ensure regular software updates and adhere to the user manual for optimal functionality. Accurate connection to the OBD-II port is essential to prevent erroneous readings. Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) should be analyzed comprehensively, not just at face value. Utilize advanced features judiciously, maintain detailed documentation, and keep the tool in optimal condition. Stay informed on the latest advancements in technology and handle data responsibly. After all, a well-calibrated tool enhances diagnostic accuracy and reliability.

Invest in your tool and know your market. Ask yourself if you need multiple softwares to include multiple makes? Or if you can use software that may be cheaper for you if you only need one

OBD 2 is a now universal technology. For vehicles newer than 1997, the federal government in the USA mandated that all vehicles include the port for rapid diagnostics. Many older vehicles make use of other proprietary technologies. In a professional environment, there is usually at least one highly capable OBD2 reader/scanner capable of handling all cars coming through the bay doors.

🗝️ Selecting the right diagnostic tool involves considering features, functions, and budget. For comprehensive diagnostics and advanced controls, a professional-grade scan tool is ideal. Alternatively, a basic code reader suits simple code reading and clearing tasks. Some tools offer Bluetooth or Wi-Fi connectivity for added convenience. Factor in your expertise level, frequency of use, and the nature of your work when making a choice. Additionally, consider the tool's compatibility with your vehicle's make and model, as well as any specific functionalities required for your intended tasks. Making an informed decision ensures effective troubleshooting and maintenance processes.

Considering I am building one, I can share a few here Familiarize yourself with the vehicle's make, model, and year to use the correct protocols and functions. Keep your tools updated with the latest software to ensure compatibility with new vehicles and access to the latest features. Learn to accurately interpret diagnostic codes and live data. Misinterpretation can lead to incorrect diagnostics. Handle your scan tools and code readers carefully to prevent damage and ensure longevity. Stay informed about new diagnostic technologies and methodologies to enhance your diagnostic capabilities.

Ask yourself, "What do I need from the tool?". A simple code reader will give you basic generic codes that can point to a system. Often the codes are vague and require several steps to pinpoint the problem. A bi-directional scanner that can perform system tests and program systems is a better tool for diagnosing and saving time. Additionally the age of the car matters, older cars have less use of scanners compared to newer vehicles.

Most common technical support issues are resolved through updating the tool. Whether it's coverage related, or as stated a bug that was corrected, updating your tool can save you from having to call technical support.

Some scan tools require a yearly subscription. The tool will still work without it but you will not have access to any new models or updates. It comes down to knowing your customer base and what autos you work on. If you know your shop works on mostly older car then it may not be necessary to purchase the subscription yearly.

Whatever tool you buy you need to consider support. I had a scanner that quit updates in 2017. I have scanner now that requires a yearly subscription that updates weekly. Some OE's don't give access to A/M scan tools so you will need to purchase access points or secondary hardware to access OE support. Those points should be considered when looking at what hardware to buy as well.

Sometimes clearing the codes and starting with a fresh vehicle needed, as you might not know for sure what someone else has done to the vehicle. If it's parts related, you can try swapping or moving parts to see if the issue follows the part.

Perform troubleshooting, fault Findings on a range of different types of models vehicles. Scantool retrieve active ,inactive, fault codes in various system in the vehicle. Able to performed calibration, live data streams and monitoring all sensors actuators in the vehicle

Retrieving the codes is an essential step in properly diagnosing the vehicle. However, it's not the only step. It is equally important to do a visual inspection of the vehicle. Something like damage to wires from critters can cause many codes to come up at once. Performing a good overall inspection will save a lot of time in that instance. It is also equally important to pull up the vehicle on your shop software and see what the service manual says about the codes.

Freeze frames and live data are your best friend, especially when looking at driveability/performance codes. Another helpful tool is researching any potential TSBs (Technical Service Bulletins) before trying to diagnose, this can provide insights from the manufacturer on how to approach and repair certain codes

Scan tools do a better job of interpreting and testing fault code issues. Code readers just read generic codes and will sometimes offer a library of common issues that a user can reference. Reading a code is helpful, interpreting the code is where you become productive.

👉 Clearing fault codes is a post-repair step, done with a scan tool or code reader to deactivate the check engine light. However, it doesn't guarantee permanent resolution; some codes may reoccur. Additionally, certain codes can impact emissions system readiness, leading to inspection complications. Thus, only clear codes post-confirmation of a successful repair. Prioritize verifying the repair's effectiveness and completion before clearing codes. Consider performing a thorough test drive to ensure the issue doesn't resurface immediately. This approach fosters a more reliable diagnosis and resolution process, minimizing potential setbacks and ensuring compliance with emissions regulations.

Scanners are better for this step. A code reader will remove temp or soft codes. Hard codes need a scanner to remove and set in historical data.

The most important part of the tool ownership is maintaining the tool. This doesn't just speak to keeping it clean. As vehicles become more and more sophisticated, so do these tools. Some of your more advanced scanners require software updates. Along with keeping your scanner clean and safe, make sure you're periodically updating the software if that feature is supported on your scanner.

One final thing to consider: As I mentioned earlier, the onboard diagnostics system on your vehicle may not work with a modern OBD-2 scanner. Prior to 1996, you likely had an OBD-1 port. Instead of in the cabin, this is typically located under the hood and is activated via jump wires and usually flash a check engine light in a specific pattern or timeframe that you can then reference in the a vehicle specific diagnostic manual to track down your issue. So while Scan Tools are amazing for automotive enthusiasts, hobbyists, and professionals; they may not be necessary.

Buy the tool you will use and will understand. Don't buy something for features you won't, or can't understand or use. An overly complicated tool will cost you more time and money than you may have. Buy the tool that does the job you need. Never stop learning and growing.

When first entering the industry, I often found online forums valuable resources for aftermarket components and fault reading. I always try to do as much research as possible before diving into diagnosing any codes.